Hyaluronic acid injections are used to lift and shape areas of the skin, as well as to enhance the height of features such as the nose. The effects of hyaluronic acid vary depending on the type, injection site, and the amount injected. Typically, the effects of the first treatment last for 3 to 6 months before being absorbed by the body. With repeated treatments, the effects become longer-lasting and more durable.

This botulinum toxin type A product is derived from animal sources (bovine, sheep, and pig) and contains human serum albumin. While the manufacturing process includes rigorous screening, the risk of unknown disease transmission—such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease—is considered extremely rare. In the U.S., botulinum toxin was first used for strabismus (crossed eyes) in 1977. Since then, it has become widely used for relaxing muscle tension. In the field of aesthetics, it has received FDA approval and was used in over 1.6 million treatments in the year 2001 alone, with no reported cases of infection to date. However, because this is a biological product, the possibility of unknown risks cannot be entirely ruled out. Please note that in Japan, only injections into the glabellar lines (frown lines) and crow’s feet using Botox Vista are officially approved. All other aesthetic uses are considered off-label.

静脈麻酔の主な目的は、術中の鎮静、およびリラックスです。点滴から麻酔薬が注入され徐々に眠くなります。大量に投与すれば意識消失させることができますが、呼吸抑制が生じることがあるため、体重を鑑み、単位時間あたりの麻酔薬使用量を調整します。その調整量の下で、体動が激しい場合などには、手術の安全のために、適宜調整させていただくことがあります。卵黄・大豆油アレルギーがある方はプロポフォールという麻酔薬が使えないため、別の薬剤（ドルミカム等）を使用しますが鎮静レベルが浅めになります。

麻酔を開始する前に点滴確保、血圧計、心電図、酸素モニターを装着します。また必要に応じて尿道カテーテル挿入や、酸素マスク（あるいはチューブ）装着を行います。